Clinico-Pathological Features of Prostate Cancer at the University Hospital Yalgado Ouedraogo Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

Abstract

Background: Prostate cancer is not uncommon in Burkina Faso and presents late, often advanced at presentation as is the case in most countries of West Africa. V Aim: To describe the clinical and histopathological characteristics of prostate cancer at the University Hospital Yalgado Ouedraogo, Burkina Faso. Patients and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study of patients treated at the Urology Department of the University Hospital Yalgado Ouedraogo, Burkina Faso for prostate cancer from March 2012 to May 2013. The para meters studied were patients‘ demographics, clinical features, PSA, histological diagnosis, tumour grading, management and outcome. Results: In this study, 82 patients satisfied the inclusion criteria within the 15 months period of the study. The mean age was 68.9 years (standard deviation: 9.52) with a range of 49-95 years. They presented with symptoms of lower urinary tract obstruction in 57 (69.5%) patients, and irritative symptoms in 59 (72%) patients. At diagnosis 33 (40.2%) of patients had metastases and the most common metastatic sites were the spine in 18(2l. 95%), the ribs in 6 (7.31%) and the pelvis in 5 (6.09%) patients. The mean PSA level was 746 ng/ml with a range of 13 - 9224ng /ml. Advanced T3 and T4 tumors accounted for 25.4% and 73.2% respectively. Adenocarcinoma was the only histological form. Gleason score was less than 7 in 41(49.4 %) cases. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) was the treatment for 79 (96.34%) patients. In all, 51 (62.19%) patients received medical ADT while 20 (24.39%) patients underwent bilateral orchiectomy. One patient underwent radical prostatectomy. Conclusion: In this environment, prostate cancer is diagnosed at an advanced stage with distant metastasis. It is therefore useful to develop effective screening policy for early detection and better outcome of management.